Security and the final years of New France 1713-1763

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1607- British – 13 Colonies in New England area

1670 – Hudson's Bay company founded - British

1713- French sign a treaty giving Acadia to British --> British could cut off New France trade routes – insecurity!

1700's – North West Company (French and Native) started – competitor to Hudson's Bay

1701 – The Great Peace of Montreal – a treaty for co-operation was signed between the French and 40 Native nations (including the Iroquios Confederacy, their tradition enemy) Natives distrusted the British because they seemed to want to take over more land

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1694 – British take Port Royal (in Acadia) Later it was given to them permanently (Treaty of Utrecht)

Between the British Hudson's Bay lands and the 13 colonies, the French in New France were now completely surrounded.

1755 - Acadians were asked to sign an Oath of Allegiance to the British King but the Catholic Acadians resented being ruled by a Protestant King – 12 000 were expelled from the colony for refusing to sign and had their property taken

1756-1763 – Seven Year's War

- British Attacked the Beauport Short and lost badly

- Beauport Feint – British pretend to plan a second attack at the same place – French moved troops there

- The Anse-au-Foulon (a path up the cliff)  and then just waited for the French to come and attack. They stood in line in red uniforms (The Thin Red Line) – The French were few and tired by the time they got to the battle line and they were easily defeated.

1763 - Treaty of Paris

• Between France and England, signed in Paris
• New France got – allowed to keep church and religion; allowed to keep existing trade arrangements
• England got – people to become British subjects and as such, must fight for England if needed
• This signalled the end of New France
• Civil law (property and family law) in Quebec is still based on French laws today